View source for Terms and Concepts

==Terms, concepts, naming conventions and vocabularies ==

MOD-CO (meta-omics data of collection objects) developed and elaborated a comprehensive namespace schema and assigned integrative controlled vocabularies to describe the full spectrum of observation and measurement elements as well as the procedural steps in the frame of the metagenomic, metatranscriptomic, and metametabolomic characterization of environmental collection samples.
 
These sets of terms and vocabularies include descriptors for meta-omics analysis targets, environmental collection objects, metagenomics data generation devices and protocols, data types, formats and storage, and is able to describe representing primary and secondary meta-omics data analysis.

Existing ontologies and concepts, distributed in literature, published methods and thesauri were compared and evaluated for their possible use in the MOD-CO context.

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== Wikipedia term definitions in the context of the MOD-CO schema and representation ==


'''Conceptual schema'''

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conceptual_schema
A conceptual schema is a high-level description of a business's informational needs. It typically includes only the main concepts and the main relationships among them. Typically this is a first-cut model, with insufficient detail to build an actual database. This level describes the structure of the whole database for a group of users. The conceptual model is also known as the data model as data model can be used to describe the conceptual schema when a database system is implemented. It hides the internal details of physical storage and targets on describing entities, datatype, relationships and constraints.

===> It has been suggested that this article be merged with '''conceptual model (computer science)'''. (Discuss) Proposed since June 2016.

'''Conceptual model''' 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conceptual_model_(computer_science)
A conceptual model in the field of computer science is a special case of a general conceptual model. To distinguish from other types of models, it is also known as a domain model. Conceptual modeling should not be confused with other modeling disciplines such as data modelling, logical modelling and physical modelling. The conceptual model is explicitly chosen to be independent of design or implementation concerns, for example, concurrency or data storage. The aim of a conceptual model is to express the meaning of terms and concepts used by domain experts to discuss the problem, and to find the correct relationships between different concepts. The conceptual model attempts to clarify the meaning of various, usually ambiguous terms, and ensure that problems with different interpretations of the terms and concepts cannot occur. Such differing interpretations could easily cause confusion amongst stakeholders, especially those responsible for designing and implementing a solution, where the conceptual model provides a key artifact of business understanding and clarity. Once the domain concepts have been modeled, the model becomes a stable basis for subsequent development of applications in the domain. The concepts of the conceptual model can be mapped into physical design or implementation constructs using either manual or automated code generation approaches. The realization of conceptual models of many domains can be combined to a coherent platform.

'''Data model'''

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_model

A data model (or datamodel) is an abstract model that organizes elements of data and standardizes how they relate to one another and to properties of the real world entities. For instance, a data model may specify that the data element representing a car be composed of a number of other elements which, in turn, represent the color and size of the car and define its owner.

'''Database schema'''

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Database_schema
The database schema of a database system is its structure described in a formal language supported by the database management system (DBMS). The term "schema" refers to the organization of data as a blueprint of how the database is constructed (divided into database tables in the case of relational databases). The formal definition of a database schema is a set of formulas (sentences) called integrity constraints imposed on a database.[citation needed] These integrity constraints ensure compatibility between parts of the schema. All constraints are expressible in the same language. A database can be considered a structure in realization of the database language.[1] The states of a created conceptual schema are transformed into an explicit mapping, the database schema. This describes how real-world entities are modeled in the database.

'''Database model''' 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Database_model

A database model is a type of data model that determines the logical structure of a '''database''' and fundamentally determines in which manner data can be stored, organized and manipulated. The most popular example of a database model is the relational model, which uses a table-based format.
Data model
Examples: Hierarchical database model; Network model; Relational model; Entity-relationship model; Enhanced entity-relationship model; Object model; Document model: Entity-attribute-value model; Star schema

'''Standard, norm and international standard'''

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard and https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_standard

International standards are standards developed by international standards organizations. International standards are available for consideration and use worldwide. The most prominent organization is the International Organization for Standardization (ISO).

'''Schema.org'''

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schema.org

Schema.org is an initiative launched on 2 June 2011 by Bing, Google and Yahoo!(then operators of the world's largest search engines) to “create and support a common set of schemas for structured data markup on web pages.”